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The Tridentine Mass is the Roman Rite Mass which appears in typical editions of the Roman Missal published from 1570 to 1962.〔In this context, "typical edition" means the officially approved edition to whose text other printings are obliged to conform.〕 The most widely used Mass liturgy in the world until the introduction of the Mass of Paul VI in 1969, it is celebrated in Liturgical Latin.〔(Angelus A. De Marco, O.F.M., "Liturgical Languages" in ''The American Ecclesiastical Review'' )〕 "Tridentine" is derived from the Latin ''Tridentinus'', "related to the city of Tridentum" (modern-day Trent, Italy). In response to a decision of the Council of Trent〔(Council of Trent, session of 4 December 1563 )〕 Pope Pius V promulgated the 1570 Roman Missal, making it mandatory throughout the Western Church, except in places and religious orders with missals from before 1370.〔These regions included those in which a variant of the Roman Rite, called the Sarum Rite, was in use for more than the minimum required time. On a few recent occasions Roman Catholic prelates have used this variant as an extraordinary form of celebrating Mass. But, like most of the other regions and the orders concerned, the Sarum Rite areas have adopted the standard Roman Missal. The most important non-Roman liturgies that continue in use are the Ambrosian Rite, the Mozarabic Rite and the Carthusian Rite.〕 In 2007, Pope Benedict XVI issued the motu proprio ''Summorum Pontificum'', accompanied by a letter to the world's bishops. The Pope stated that the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal is to be considered an "extraordinary form" (''forma extraordinaria'')〔(Letter of Pope Benedict XVI )〕 of the Roman Rite, of which the Missal as revised by Pope Paul VI in 1970 is the ordinary, normal or standard form. Since that is the only authorized extraordinary form, some refer to the 1962 Tridentine Mass as "the extraordinary form" of the Mass〔Pope Benedict spoke of it instead as "an" extraordinary form. While in English, "extraordinary" often has laudatory overtones, its meaning in canon law is illustrated by its use with reference, for instance, to "the extraordinary minister of holy communion" (cf. (canon 910 §2 ) of the Code of Canon Law).〕 The 1962 Tridentine Mass is sometimes referred to as the "''usus antiquior''" (older use) or "''forma antiquior''" (older form),〔''Summorum Pontificum'', article 10 speaks of celebrations "iuxta formam antiquiorem ritus romani" (in accordance with the older form of the Roman Rite).〕 to differentiate it from the newer form of the Roman Rite in use since 1970, again in the sense of being the only one of the older forms for which authorization has been granted. Other names used include Traditional Mass and Latin Mass, although the revised form of the Mass that replaced it has its official text in Latin and is sometimes celebrated in that language.〔(Code of Canon Law, canon 928 )〕〔(Instruction ''Redemptionis Sacramentum'', 112 )〕 In Masses celebrated without the people, Latin Rite Catholic priests are free to use either the 1962 version of the Tridentine liturgy or the "ordinary" (normal) form of the liturgy. These Masses "may — observing all the norms of law — also be attended by faithful who, of their own free will, ask to be admitted."〔(''Summorum Pontificum'' ), articles 2 and 4〕 Permission to use the Tridentine form in parish Masses may be given by the pastor or rector.〔(''Summorum Pontificum'' ), article 5〕 ==Language== In most countries, the language used for celebrating the Tridentine Mass was (and is) Latin. However, in Dalmatia and parts of Istria in Croatia, the liturgy was celebrated in Church Slavonic, and authorisation for use of this language was extended to some other Slavic regions between 1886 and 1935. After the publication of the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal, the 1964 Instruction on implementing the Constitution on Sacred Liturgy of the Second Vatican Council laid down that "normally the epistle and gospel from the Mass of the day shall be read in the vernacular". Episcopal conferences were to decide, with the consent of the Holy See, what other parts, if any, of the Mass were to be celebrated in the vernacular. Outside the Roman Catholic Church, the vernacular language was introduced into the celebration of the Tridentine Mass by some Old Catholics and Anglo-Catholics with the introduction of the English Missal. Some Western Rite Orthodox Christians, particularly in the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of North America, use the Tridentine Mass in the vernacular with minor alterations under the title of the "Divine Liturgy of St. Gregory." Most Old Catholics use the Tridentine Mass, either in the vernacular or in Latin. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tridentine Mass」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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